chemistry

Tuesday, May 6, 2014

4f -series

58.Cerium

59.Praseodymium

60.Neodymium

61.Promethium

62.Samarium

63.Europium

64.Gadolinium

65.Terbium

66.Dysprosium

67.Holmium

68.Erbium

69.Thulium

70.Ytterbium

71.Lutetium

* Lanthanides

57
La

58
Ce

59
Pr

60
Nd

61
Pm

62
Sm

63
Eu

64
Gd

65
Tb

66
Dy

67
Ho

68
Er

69
Tm

70
Yb

Atomic electron configuration

5d¹

4f¹5d¹

4f³

4f⁴

4f⁵

4f⁶

4f⁷

4f⁷5d¹

4f⁹

4f¹⁰

4f¹¹

4f¹²

4f¹³

4f¹⁴

Electrons per shell

2, 8,
18,
18, 9,
2

2, 8,
18,
19, 9,
2

2, 8,
18,
21, 8,
2

2, 8,
18,
22, 8,
2

2, 8,
18,
23, 8,
2

2, 8,
18,
24, 8,
2

2, 8,
18,
25, 8,
2

2, 8,
18,
25, 9,
2

2, 8,
18,
27, 8,
2

2, 8,
18,
28, 8,
2

2, 8,
18,
29, 8,
2

2, 8,
18,
30, 8,
2

2, 8,
18,
31, 8,
2

2, 8,
18,
32, 8,
2

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