CLASS 10TH CHEMISTRYOFCARBONCOMPOUNDS BITS

 1. Percentage of carbon in the earth crust is ________

2. The occurrence of same element in two or more different forms is known as ______

3. Important allotropic forms of carbon are __________

4. The density of Diamond is _____________

5. The refractive index of diamond is __________

6. ______________is used as glass cutter.

7. In diamond carbon atoms are in ______________arrangement.

8. The C-C bond length in diamond is ___________

9. The C-C bond angle in diamond is ________________

10. The allotropy of carbon used as lubricant is _____________

11. The density of graphite is _______________

12. Graphite contains carbon atoms in ______________rings.

13. In graphite the C-C bond length is __________

14. In graphite the C-C bond angle is _________________

15. Two successive graphite layers are separated by ___________________

16. C60 contains ________pentagonal rings and _______hexagonal rings of carbon.

17. C60 is a _________________like structure.

18. In C60 the average bond length is _________

19. The poisonous gas mainly found in exhaust fumes of industry and automobiles is __

20. Carbon dioxide is present in air to the extent of about ________by volume.

21. CO2 dissolves in water and gives ________

22. ___________is used as fire extinguisher.

23. Solid carbon dioxide is called ___________

24. The phenomenon in which atoms of same element join together to form long chains is known as

______________

25. Compounds having same molecular formula but different structures are called ________and the

phenomenon is called as ___________

26. The oldest coal is called _______________

27. Anthracite consist ___________carbon.

28. Bituminous coal consists of ____________carbon.

29. Lignite consists of _____________carbon.

30. The compounds containing exclusively carbon and hydrogen are known as ______

31. Example of aromatic hydrocarbon is __________

32. Saturated hydrocarbons are also known as _____________

33. General formula of alkanes is ________________

34. If one hydrogen is removed from alkane it is called ___________group.

35. Alkanes undergo _______________reactions.

36. Formula for chloroform is _______________

37. L.P.G consists of ____________________

38. The unsaturated hydrocarbons having at least one C = C are known as ____________

39. The general formula of alkenes is ____________

40. Alkenes are also known as ______________

41. Alkenes undergo ______________reactions.

42. Ethylene in liquid state undergoes polymerization to give ____________

43. Ethylene mixed with air is used as_________________

44. The unsaturated hydrocarbons consisting C = C are known as __________

45. The general formula of alkynes is _________

46. Common name of ethyne is ______________

47. _______________is used for artificial ripening of fruits.

48. The gas used in welding is __________________

49. The presence of alcoholic functional group is tested by addition of _________metal

50. –COOR is called ___________________

ANSWERS

1) 0.3%

2) Allotropy

3) Diamond and Graphite

4) 3.51 gm/cc

5) 2.41

6) Diamond

7) Tetrahedral

8) 1.54A0

9) 1090 28’

10) Graphite

11) 2.25gm/cc

12) Hexagonal

13) 1.42A0

14) 1200

15) 3.35A0

16) 12, 20

17) Foot ball

18) 1.4A0

19) Co

20) 0.03%

21) Carbonic acid

22) CO2

23) Dry ice

24) Catenation

25) Isomers , Isomerism

26) Anthracite

27) 95%

28) 82%

29) 72%

30) Hydrocarbons

31) Benzene

32) Paraffins

33) CnH2n + 2

34) Alkyl

35) Substitutiion

36) CHCl3

37) Butane (C4H10)

38) Alkene

39) CnH2n

40) Olefins

41) Addition

42) Polythene

43) Anaesthetic

44) Alkynes

45) CnH2n - 2

46) Acetylene

47) Acetylene

48) Acetylene

49) Sodium

50) Ester group

CLASS 10TH ACIDS AND BASES BITS

1. When non metallic oxides are dissolved in water, ______are formed.

2. When metallic oxides are dissolved in water, _____are formed.

3. Blue litmus changes into red colour in the presence of_______.

4. Acid changes the colour of the methyl orange indicator into________.

5. Acids react with bases to form _________

6. Red litmus changes into blue colour in the presence of __________

7. Base changes the colour of the methyl orange indicator into _________

8. According to Arrhenius theory, acids are the substances which produce_____ions in aqueous solution.

9. According to Arrhenius theory, bases are the substances which produce _____ions in aqueous solution.

10. Arrhenius theory is applicable only for the substances which are soluble in _____only.

11. At 250C, the concentration of H+ ions is ____to the concentration of OH- ions.

12. The ionization of water is _______dependent.

13. Increase in the temperature ______the extent of ionization.

14. The product of concentrations of H+ ions and OH- ions in one mole of water is defined as the ____

15. Ionic product of water Kw = _____

16. At 250C, Kw = ______

17. The term pH is introduced by _______

18. The negative logarithm of H+ ion concentration is defined as the _____

19. pH = __________

20. If pH < 7, then the solution is_________.

21. If pH > 7, then the solution is ___________

22. If pH = 7, then the solution is _________

23. The pH of 0.001M Hcl solution is ________

24. The concentration of H+ ions in a solution whose pH = 8 is _____

25. The Kw is ___________________dependent.

26. Example for strong acid is ________

27. Example for weak acid is ________

28. Example for strong base is_______.

29. Example for weak base is ____________

30. The heat liberated when one mole of acid reacts with one mole of base is defined as the ________

31. The heat evolved when a strong acid reacts with a strong base is equal to __________

32. NaOH + Hcl Nacl + H2O + ____________

33. The body fluid whose pH > 7 is ____________

34. Weak acids ionize upto _________

35. The colour of phenophthalene indicator in basic solution is__________.

36. The pH of acids is in the range of _________

37. The pH of bases is in the range of __________

38. For weak acids and weak bases the percentage of ionization increases with increasing _______

39. The pH of gastric juice is _________

40. Strong acids ionize upto _____________

ANSWERS

1) Acids

2) Bases

3) Acid

4) Red

5) Salt and water

6) Base

7) Yellow

8) H+

9) OH-

10) Water

11) Equal

12) Temperature

13) Increases

14) Ionic product of Water (Kw)

15) [H+] x [OH-]

16) 1.0 x 10-14 Mole ion2 / Litre2

17) Sorenson

18) PH

19) – log [H+}

20) Acid

21) Base

22) Neutral

23) 3

24) 10-8

25) Temperature

26) Hcl

27) CH3COOH

28) NaOH

29) NH4OH

30) Heat of Neutralization

31) 13.7 K. cal/mole

32) 13.7 K.Cal/mole

33) Blood

34) <100%

35) Pink

36) 0 to 7

37) 7 to 14

38) Dilution

39) 1 to 2

40) 100%

CLASS 10TH OILS AND FATS BITS

1. The chief sources of oils are ____________

2. The cation of soap useful for dry cleaning is _______________

3. Shaving soap contains excess of ___________

4. The fatty acid obtained from cotton oil is ____________

5. The catalyst used in the hydrogenation of oils is _________

6. The chemical formula of soap is _____________________

7. The catalyst used in soap manufacturing is _____________

8. ___________________is completely removed in baby soaps.

9. Transparent soap contains ________________

10. Deodorant soap contains _____________________

11. The formula of stearic acid is _________________

12. Oils are triestors of _______________________________

13. The chemical formula of oleic acid is _____________

14. ______________________improves preservation, taste and odour of many oils.

15. Hydrolysis of oils and fats in the presence of a base is called ____________

16. The by product in the preparation of soap is __________

17. Sodium salt of ABS or FAS + builders = _________

18. Saturated fatty acids have high _____________________

19. ___________________removes the Ca2+ ions present in hard water.

20. Detergents are useful even in hard water because _____________

21. All soaps contain ________of water.

22. Fat exists in ________________state at room temperature.

23. ____________________is a fat obtained by the catalytic hydrogenation of vegetable oil.

24. The chemical formula of lauric acid is _________________

25. Chemically _________________are sodium salts of alkyl benzene sulphonates of fatty alcohol

sulphates.

NSWERS

1) Animals and Plants

2) Tri ethanol ammonium

3) Stearic acid

4) Oelic acid

5) Ni

6) C17H33COONa.

7) Zinc Oxide

8) Glycerol

9) Glycerol

10) 3,4,5 Tribromo salicylanilide

11) C17H35COOH

12) Glycerol and Fatty acid

13) C17H33COOH

14) Hydrogenation

15) Hydrogenation of oils

16) Glycerol

17) Soap

18) Melting point

19) Na3 PO4

20) They react with hard water but do not form porecipitate

21) 30%

22) Solid

23) Vanaspati (Dalda)

24) C11H23COOH

25) Detergents.

CLASS 10TH CARBOHYDRATES AND PROTEINS BITS

1. Sweetest sugar is _______________

2. Example for polysaccerides is _____________

3. Polyhydroxy aldehydes are _____________

4. Poly hydroxyl ketones are ______________

5. Number of carbon atoms in Hectose are ___________

6. In Tollen’s test, Glucose reduces________________.

7. Defacation is addition of _______________

8. Acidity in the sugar cane juice is removed by adding ___________

9. The sugar content of molasses is _________________

10. The main by-product in sugar industry is ___________

11. The chief use of ethyl alcohol is as ____________________

12. ____________________is added to get absolute alcohol from rectified spirit.

13. Consumption of denatured spirit causes ______________________

14. Calorific value of Glucose is ___________________

15. Plants prepare carbohydrates by the process known as ______________

16. Number of monosaceride units in aligo saccaride is ____________

17 The dirty grey precipitate formed during the preparation of Tollen’s reagent is ____

18. The spent cane is called ___________

19. ___________________are used to separate the crystals of sugar and liquid juices.

20. The sugar cane contains____________of sucrose by weight.

21. ____________is the micro organism used for fermentation of molasses.

22. Sucrose is broken down into ____________________during fermentation.

23. Sucrose is broken down into Glucose and fructose during fermentation by the enzyme

_______________

24. _________________enzyme breaks Glucose.

25. The products obtained from glucose during fermentation are ___________________

26. ___________is the by-product of alcohol industry.

27. ______________are building blocks of Proteins.

28. Number of essential amino acids are ___________

29. Polymeric compounds of amino acids are ____________

30. Co-NH bond is called ______________

31. ___________________is the process of breaking down of large molecules into small molecules by

the action of enzymes.

32. Starch can be tested by _______________

33. 96% alcohol is commercially called _____________

34. ________________is added to denatured spirit.

35. The precipitates formed by defecation, carbonation, and sulphitation is called_____.

36. The result of Tollen’s test is ___________

37. In Benedict’s test, glucose reduces __________

38. The result of Benedict’s test is _______________

39. _________________is used in the preparation of beer.

40. The bond between the Amino acids present in proteins is _________

41. General formula of polysaccerides is ______________

42. The amount of energy made available by consumption of one gram of a substance is known as its

_____________________

43. In sulphitation ___________is added to the juice.

44. The purified sugarcane juice is called __________________

45. Amino acids consists salt like structures called ________________ions.

46. The alcohol found in fermentation is technically called as _______________

                                CLASSIFICATION OF ELEMENTS

ONE MARK QUESTIONS

Q1. Select the species which are iso-electronic (same number of electron) with

each other.
(1) Ne	(2) Cl-	(3) Ca2+	(4) Rb+

Cl- and Ca2+. Both have 18 e_ each.

Q.2. What the elements of a group have common among them?

Ans- They have same number of electrons in the valence shell.

Q.3. What the s- and p- block elements are collectively called?

Ans- Representative elements.

Q.4. Define atomic radius.

Ans- The one-half the distance between the nuclei of two covalently bonded atoms of the same element in a molecule is called as atomic radius.

Q.5. State the modern periodic law.

Ans- The physical and chemical properties of the elements are the periodic function of their atomic numbers.

Q.6. Name the groups of elements classified as s-, p- and d- blocks.

Ans- s- block= 1,2 (including He), p- block= 13 to 18 (except He), d- block= 3 to 12.

Q.7. Define the term ionisation enthalpy.

Ans- The energy required to remove the outer most electron from the valence shell of an isolated gaseous atom is called as ionisation enthalpy.

Q.8.In how many groups and periods the elements in modern periodic table are classified?

Ans- In 18 groups and 7 periods.

Q.9. What do you mean by electronic configuration of the elements?

Ans- The systematic distribution of the electrons among the orbitals of an atom of an element according to increasing order of their energies is called as electronic configuration of that element.

THE S- BLOCK ELEMENT

One mark questions:

1. Why are halides of beryllium polymeric?

Ans:- the halides of Be are electron deficient as their octets are incomplete. Therefore, to complete their octets, the halides polymerize.

2. Name the groups which constitute s-block elements. Ans:- group-1 and 2

3.Arrange the alkaline earth metal carbonates in the decreasing order of thermal stability.

Ans:- BaCO₃> SrCO₃ > CaCO₃> MgCO₃ > BeCO₃

4.Write the general electronic configuration of s-block elements.

Ans:- [Noble gas] ns^1-2

5.What is the chemical formula of Plaster of Paris? Ans:- CuSO₄.1/2H₂O

6.Name the compound which can be obtained by Solvay’s process.

Ans:- Sodium carbonate

7.How does the basic character of hydroxides of alkali metals vary down the group? Ans:- Increases down the group

8.Which out of MgSO₄ or BaSO₄is more soluble in water? Ans:- MgSO₄

9.Name radioactive elements of group 1 and 2. Ans:- Francium and Radium.

10.Which elements of alkaline earth metals family do not give characteristic flame colouration?

Ans:- Be and Mg

CHALCOGENS OR OXYGEN FAMILY OR GROUP 16 ELEMENTS

Z	Element	No. of electrons/shell
8	oxygen	2, 6
16	sulfur	2, 8, 6

34	selenium	2, 8, 18, 6
52	tellurium	2, 8, 18, 18, 6
84	polonium	2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 6
116	livermorium	2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 18, 6